Sufficient iodine status among Norwegian toddlers 18 months of age – cross-sectional data from the Little in Norway study

  • Inger Aakre
  • Maria Wik Markhus
  • Marian Kjellevold
  • Vibeke Moe
  • Lars Smith
  • Lisbeth Dahl
Keywords: Iodine status, Urinary iodine concentration, Dietary iodine intake, Toddlers

Abstract

Background: Inadequate iodine intake has been identified in several population groups in the Nordic countries over the past years; however, studies of iodine status in infants and toddlers are scarce.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the iodine status and dietary iodine sources among 18-monthold toddlers from Norway.

Methods: Cross-sectional and country representative data from the Little in Norway study were used. All children who had given a spot urine sample at 18 months age were included (n = 416). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. Dietary habits and supplement use were measured by a food frequency questionnaire.

Results: Median (25th–75th percentiles [p25–p75]) UIC was 129 (81–190) μg/L while estimated median (p25– p75) habitual iodine intake was 109 (101–117) μg/day. None of the children were below the estimated average requirement (EAR) of 65 μg/day or above the upper intake level of 180 μg/day. There were no differences in either UIC or estimated habitual iodine intake between different geographic areas in Norway. Milk was the most important iodine source, contributing an estimated 70% to the total iodine intake, while other foods rich in iodine such as seafood and enriched baby porridge contributed about 30%.

Conclusions: The iodine status among 18-month-old toddlers from different geographic areas in Norway was sufficient, indicated by a median UIC above the WHO cutoff of 100 μg/L. This was further supported by the estimated habitual iodine intake, where none of the participants were below the EAR. Milk was an important iodine source in this age group; thus children with a low intake might be at risk of insufficient iodine intake.

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Published
2018-10-25
How to Cite
Aakre I., Markhus M. W., Kjellevold M., Moe V., Smith L., & Dahl L. (2018). Sufficient iodine status among Norwegian toddlers 18 months of age – cross-sectional data from the Little in Norway study. Food & Nutrition Research, 62. https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v62.1443
Section
Original Articles

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